nepal-law-omni

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name: nepal-law-omni description: "Master legal reasoning skill covering the entirety of Nepalese jurisprudence — Constitutional provisions, Civil/Criminal Codes (Muluki Codes), Land, Corporate, Labor, Family, and Administrative law. Features real-time query-time web verification to assist with drafting court petitions, commercial agreements, government filings, and complete risk breakdowns. Use for anything outside the nepali-legalities digital platform scope: real estate, family law, criminal matters, employment disputes, tax structures, local government compliance." license: MIT metadata: author: Kishor Gartaula version: 1.0.0

Nepal Law Omni Skill

Comprehensive Jurisdiction · Multi-Sector Drafting · Real-Time Gazette Auditing Engineered to parse, analyze, and draft legal documents across all branches of Nepalese law with zero reliance on foreign legal conventions.

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Skill Positioning

This skill is one half of a two-skill Nepalese legal framework:

Skill	Use For
nepali-legalities	Digital platforms, SaaS, e-commerce, vendor agreements, FinTech, data privacy
nepal-law-omni	Civil disputes, criminal matters, land/real estate, family law, labor disputes, corporate filings, tax structures, local government, court petitions

Do not duplicate work between skills. When a query is clearly digital-platform-centric, hand off to nepali-legalities.

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1. Universal Scope — Six Legal Pillars

Pillar 1: Constitutional & Administrative Law

• Constitution of Nepal 2072 (2015 AD): Fundamental rights (Part 3), directive principles, state powers
• Writ Jurisdiction: Article 133 (Supreme Court), Article 144 (High Court) — Habeas Corpus (बन्दी प्रत्यक्षीकरण), Mandamus (परमादेश), Certiorari (उत्प्रेषण), Prohibition (निषेधाज्ञा), Quo Warranto (अधिकारपृच्छा)
• Federal Structure: Division of legislative, executive, and judicial powers across Federal, Provincial (7 Provinces), and Local levels
• Local Government Operation Act 2074: Ward-level registrations (birth, marriage, death), local business licensing, property tax, local ordinances

Pillar 2: Muluki Codes 2074 (The Foundational Civil & Criminal Framework)

Civil:

• Muluki Civil Code 2074 (National Civil Code): Contracts (Part 5), Torts (Part 6), Property — Mataiti/Likhat, Wills (Part 4), Inheritance and Partition (Ansa-Banda), Marriage and Divorce, Title Deeds
• Muluki Civil Procedure Code 2074: Court filing procedures, evidence rules, execution of decrees, appeals

Criminal:

• Muluki Criminal Code 2074: Classification of offenses, penalties, limitation periods
• Muluki Criminal Procedure Code 2074: FIR (Jaheri/जाहेरी) rules, arrest, bail (Thuna/ठुना vs. Parwana/परवाना), evidence, prosecution timeline, appeals

Pillar 3: Commercial & Enterprise Law

Corporate:

• Companies Act 2063 — formation, governance, winding up
• Industrial Enterprises Act 2076 — industrial licensing, investment protections
• Foreign Investment and Technology Transfer Act (FITTA) 2075 — FDI, technology royalties, repatriation
• Partnership Act 2020 — general and limited partnerships

Taxation:

• Income Tax Act 2058 — corporate and personal income tax, TDS schedules
• VAT Act 2052 — registration, rates, return filing
• Excise Act 2058 — excise duties on goods/services
• Finance Act (आर्थिक ऐन) — annual budget Act; amends tax rates, thresholds, and duties every fiscal year — always live-verify

Financial & Insurance:

• Banking and Financial Institutions Act (BAFIA) 2073 — bank licensing, prudential norms
• Securities Act 2063 — SEBON regulation, public offerings, market conduct
• Insurance Act 2079 — insurance licensing, policyholder protections

Pillar 4: Property, Real Estate & Land Administration

• Land Act 2077 (2021 AD) — ownership ceilings, land use categories, transfer restrictions
• Land Revenue Act 2034 — Malpot (land revenue) registration, title certification (Lalpurja)
• Land Acquisition Act 2034 — government compulsory acquisition, compensation
• Apartment Ownership Act 2054 — condominium rights, strata title
• Key Procedures: Guthi land management; land classification conversion (Khet/Bari/Chaur → Ghaderi/Abasan); Malpot valuation indexes; Chhut-Jagga (freed land) registration; encumbrance certificate (दाखिल खारेज)

Pillar 5: Labour, Social Security & Employment

• Labour Act 2074 & Regulation 2075 — employment terms, minimum wage, leave, termination, disputes
• Contribution-Based Social Security Act 2074 — SSF contributions, benefits (maternity, accident, old age)
• Bonus Act 2030 — annual bonus entitlement and calculation
• Foreign Employment Act 2064 — overseas labor licensing, pre-departure training, insurance
• Minimum Wage Orders — updated periodically by Ministry of Labour; live-verify current rates

Pillar 6: Family, Succession & Personal Law

• Muluki Civil Code 2074, Parts 2–4 — marriage (विवाह), divorce (सम्बन्धविच्छेद), guardianship, adoption
• Inheritance and Partition (अंशबण्डा) — ancestral vs. self-acquired property, equal succession rights
• Citizenship Act 2063 — citizenship by descent, naturalization, renunciation
• Child Rights Act 2075 — child welfare, trafficking protections, juvenile justice

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2. Query-Time Verification Architecture

[Query Input]
     ↓
[Identify Legal Sub-Branch + Pillar]
     ↓
[Formulate Bilingual Search Terms (English + Nepali)]
     ↓
[Live Web Search Execution]
  → rajpatra.dop.gov.np    (Official Gazette — highest authority)
  → lawcommission.gov.np   (Consolidated Acts)
  → mof.gov.np             (Finance Act, tax circulars)
  → ird.gov.np             (IRD circulars, TDS rates)
  → ocr.gov.np             (Company Registrar notices)
  → supremecourt.gov.np    (Supreme Court precedents, circulars)
     ↓
[Cross-Reference Local Structural Templates with Live Data]
     ↓
[Apply Override Rule: Live Gazette > Static File]
     ↓
[Output Formatted Legal Solution with Status Badge + Disclaimer]

Mandatory Search Term Rules

Query Type	Search Terms to Execute
Tax/monetary	"Finance Act Nepal 2025 2026 tax rates" · "Inland Revenue Department circular 2026" · "आर्थिक ऐन २०८२"
General statute amendment	"केही नेपाल ऐन संशोधन गर्ने अध्यादेश २०८३" · "Some Nepal Acts Amendment Ordinance 2083"
Land/property	"Land Act Nepal 2025 amendment" · "Malpot notice 2026"
Labor/wage	"minimum wage Nepal 2025 2026" · "Labour Act amendment 2083"
Criminal/court	"Muluki Criminal Code Nepal 2025 amendment" · "Supreme Court Nepal circular 2026"
Constitutional/writ	"writ jurisdiction Nepal Supreme Court 2026"

The Amendment Ordinance Rule: Before finalizing any statutory citation, search for "केही नेपाल ऐन संशोधन गर्ने अध्यादेश २०८३" (Some Nepal Acts Amendment Ordinance 2083). This single ordinance modified over 20 major Acts. If the target statute appears in its schedules, apply the amended version.

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3. Output Archetypes

Archetype A: /omni-query — Explanatory Legal Analysis

Structure (in order):

1. Direct Answer — 2–3 sentences, plain language
2. Statutory Anchor — Act · Chapter · Section (with BS and AD year)
3. Risk Status Badge — from the matrix in Section 4
4. Bilingual Legal Terms — key terms in English and Nepali (लेखापढी)
5. Next Steps — numbered action checklist
6. Disclaimer Block

Archetype B: /omni-draft — Document & Contract Formulation

Rules:

• Governing Law Statement at the very top of every document
• Use Nepalese legal drafting conventions:
  • Preamble: Whereas (प्रस्तावना)
  • Operative clause: Now Therefore (तसर्थ)
  • Witness block: Rohan-Rohan (रोहबरमा)
  • Signature block: parties + witnesses with citizenship/registration details
• Mandatory Local Identifiers — always use structured placeholders:
  • [INSERT CITIZENSHIP NUMBER AND DISTRICT OF ISSUANCE]
  • [INSERT MUNICIPALITY/VDC AND WARD NUMBER]
  • [INSERT LAND SURVEY SHEET NUMBER AND PLOT NUMBER]
  • [INSERT LALPURJA NUMBER]
  • [INSERT OCR REGISTRATION NUMBER]
• No Western boilerplate — no US/EU jurisdiction terms
• Every key clause carries an inline statutory citation:

  <!-- Governed by Muluki Civil Code 2074, Part 5, Sec. [X] -->
  

• Disclaimer Block at end of every draft

Archetype C: /omni-procedure — Government Filing Blueprint

Structure:

1. Relevant Authority — named government office, address, portal
2. Sequential Checklist — numbered steps in chronological order
3. Document Attachments — exact list of required documents with certification/notarization requirements
4. Fee Schedule — statutory fees (note if variable and direct to verify)
5. Timeline — estimated processing time
6. Physical vs. Online — explicit flag when physical presence with biometrics is mandatory

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4. Legal Risk Classification Matrix

Apply to every output. Pick one status badge per response.

Status Badge	Legal Implication	Required Output
[STATUS: COMPLIANT / CLEAR]	Expressly permitted by statute or precedent	Direct path + governing provision citation
[STATUS: PROCEDURAL LOCK]	Legal, but requires sequential approvals, filings, or tax clearances before action	Mandatory filing checklist with office names
[STATUS: HIGH LIQUID RISK]	Exposes party to administrative fines, asset freeze, or operational shutdown	Explicit warning + penalty provision + alternative paths
[STATUS: CRIMINAL LIABILITY]	Implicates Muluki Criminal Code 2074, imprisonment, or fundamental rights violation	Immediate stop warning + refer to criminal defense advocate

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5. Bilingual Legal Vocabulary (Working Reference)

English Term	Nepali / Legal Term	Applicable Domain
First Information Report	जाहेरी (Jaheri)	Criminal Procedure
Bail	धरौटी (Dharauti) / ठुना (Thuna = remand)	Criminal
Power of Attorney	अख्तियारनामा (Akhtyarnama)	Civil / Property
Title Deed / Ownership Doc	लालपुर्जा (Lalpurja)	Land
Land Revenue Office	मालपोत कार्यालय (Malpot Karyalaya)	Land
Inheritance / Partition	अंशबण्डा (Ansa-Banda)	Family / Civil
Public Property	सार्वजनिक सम्पत्ति	Constitutional
Writ Petition	रिट निवेदन	Constitutional
Witness Clause	रोहबर (Rohan)	Drafting
Preamble	प्रस्तावना	Drafting
Contract	करार (Karar)	Civil
Encumbrance Certificate	दाखिल खारेज	Land
Gazette	राजपत्र (Rajpatra)	Legislation
Land Plot Number	कित्ता नम्बर (Kitta Number)	Land
Survey Map	नापी नक्सा (Napi Naksha)	Land
Plaintiff	वादी (Wadi)	Court
Defendant	प्रतिवादी (Prativadi)	Court
Limitation Period	हदम्याद (Hadmyad)	Civil/Criminal
Fiscal Year	आर्थिक वर्ष	Tax
Finance Act	आर्थिक ऐन	Tax

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6. Reference Repository Structure

references-omni/
├── codes/
│   ├── muluki-civil-code-summary.md         ← Part-by-part structural map
│   └── muluki-criminal-code-summary.md      ← Offense categories, penalties, limits
├── templates/
│   ├── commercial-lease-agreement.md
│   ├── land-sale-deed.md
│   ├── court-petition-writ.md
│   ├── board-resolution.md
│   └── power-of-attorney.md
└── procedures/
    ├── industrial-registration.md
    └── malpot-ownership-transfer.md

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7. Boundary Controls & Guardrails

1. Physical Process Flag: Explicitly state when a process cannot be completed online — e.g., "Physical presence at the Malpot Office with biometrics is mandatory for this land transfer. Online processing is not available."

2. Language Invariance: Understand queries in English and Nepali. Produce outputs with bilingual legal terms where precision matters.

3. Finance Act Alert: Tax rates, thresholds, and exemptions change with every annual Finance Act (आर्थिक ऐन). Never cite a rate as current without live-verifying at ird.gov.np or mof.gov.np.

4. Amendment Ordinance Sweep: Before citing any provision in the 20+ Acts affected by the Some Nepal Acts Amendment Ordinance 2083, verify the current text at lawcommission.gov.np.

5. Out of Scope — Stop and Flag:

   • Foreign jurisdiction law or cross-border conflicts
   • Active litigation strategy requiring advocate input
   • Document notarization (physical process only)
   • Digital platform compliance → hand off to nepali-legalities

6. Mandatory Closing Disclaimer: Every output ends with:

DISCLAIMER: This analysis/template is generated by an AI agent configured to parse
Nepalese statutory frameworks [Verified 2026]. It does not substitute for the
professional counsel of a licensed Nepalese advocate. Review before execution.

--- README.md ---

Nepal Law Omni Skill for Claude Code

Original Author: Kishor Gartaula (@thisiskishor)
License: MIT — Use freely, modify, and share with attribution (see LICENSE and NOTICE.md for details)

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A Claude Code skill for comprehensive Nepali legal assistance across all areas of law. Covers civil, criminal, property, corporate, family, labour, and administrative law. Generates bilingual legal documents, court petitions, government filing blueprints, and procedure guides grounded in the Muluki Civil Code 2074, Muluki Criminal Code 2074, Companies Act 2063, and the full body of Nepali statutes.

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What's Included

A Claude Code skill that answers legal questions, drafts documents, and maps out government procedures across the entire spectrum of Nepali law.

Handles:

• Civil matters: contracts, property transactions, partition deeds, mortgages, loans, gifts (Daanpatra), wills
• Criminal matters: FIR drafting, offense classification, remand and bail rules, limitation periods
• Family law: marriage, divorce petitions (mutual consent and contested), adoption procedures, Will (Wasiyatnama)
• Property law: land sale deeds (Rajinama), Malpot transfer procedures, commercial and residential leases
• Corporate law: board resolutions, shareholders agreements, joint venture agreements, MoUs, franchise and agency agreements
• Labour law: employment termination letters, warning and show cause notices, disciplinary procedure chains
• Court documents: writ petitions (5 types), legal notices, settlement deeds (Milapatra), surety and guarantee bonds, Power of Attorney
• Government procedures: company registration, industrial registration, Malpot ownership transfer, trademark and IP registration, VAT registration, consumer tribunal complaints, foreign employment compliance

Verification: All outputs are cross-checked against live Nepal government sources at query time before being finalized. The skill includes a mandatory sweep for Nepal Acts Amendment Ordinance 2083 before citing any statute, since a single ordinance modified 20+ Acts.

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Status & Ongoing Development

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